Insomnia is often manifested as difficulty falling asleep, sleep maintenance disturbance, early awakening, decreased sleep quality, and decreased total sleep time (usually less than 6 hours), accompanied by daytime dysfunction. It is well known that drinking tea, coffee and other beverages may cause insomnia, but insomnia caused by some drugs is often ignored by people.
Most of the following drugs can enter the blood-brain barrier and interfere with the normal function of the brain; or due to incomplete renal function, drug excretion is incomplete, resulting in high blood drug concentration and increased adverse drug reactions; or excessive dosage; Accumulation in the body leads to adverse reactions of insomnia; or the drug users themselves have neurological or mental underlying diseases and other reasons, resulting in insomnia for the drug users.
1. Sedative-hypnotics
Some drugs for the treatment of insomnia may also cause insomnia if used improperly. For example, benzodiazepines can cause dependence and addiction if taken for a long time. , Tachycardia, vomiting, sweating and tremors, and even convulsions.
Long-term continuous use of barbiturates can cause patients to develop mental and physical dependence on the drug, forcing the patient to continue taking the drug. Withdrawal symptoms may occur after drug withdrawal after addiction, manifested as agitation, insomnia, anxiety, and even convulsions.
2. Antipsychotics
Such as trifluoperazine, aripiprazole, ziprasidone, paliperidone, perphenazine can cause insomnia, fatigue, dry mouth and other symptoms; imipramine can cause hyperhidrosis, weakness, dizziness, insomnia, rash wait.
3. Statins
Statins have good lipid-lowering effects and cardiovascular benefits, but common adverse reactions include liver damage and myopathy.
Case reports and some clinical studies suggest that statins may cause adverse reactions of the nervous system, such as paresthesia, dizziness, insomnia, peripheral neuropathy, memory impairment, cognitive dysfunction, and depression.
For example, lovastatin, atorvastatin calcium, and fluvastatin can affect the nervous system, and there are rare adverse reactions, including insomnia.
4. Quinolone antibacterial drugs
Mild cases of central nervous system toxicity manifest as insomnia, dizziness, and headache; severe cases may present with mental abnormalities, convulsions, and convulsions. The incidence rate was fleroxacin > norfloxacin > sparfloxacin > ciprofloxacin > enoxacin > ofloxacin > pefloxacin > levofloxacin.
The central nervous system adverse reactions of quinolone antibacterial drugs are generally related to the drug’s inhibitory effect on γ-aminobutyric acid binding receptors.
Patients with mild adverse reactions showed symptoms such as sleep disturbance, headache and dizziness, most of which were not serious. The more serious ones are manifested as decreased color vision resolution, diplopia, convulsions, convulsions, and mental disorders.
When enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, pefloxacin and theophylline are combined, the plasma concentration of theophylline can be increased. Those with a history of mental illness or epilepsy, and those who take theophylline or NSAIDs are prone to central toxicity.
5. Glucocorticoids
Glucocorticoids have a powerful and rapid anti-inflammatory effect, but at the same time there are more adverse reactions, especially for long-term users.
Adverse reactions include infection, hypertension, osteoporosis, drug withdrawal rebound, central obesity, peptic ulcer, and mental excitement. Among them, there are also many manifestations of mental excitement, such as euphoria, nervousness, agitation, insomnia, emotional changes or even obvious psychotic symptoms.
Such as prednisone, dexamethasone, prednisolone and other drugs, when the dose is too large and the course of treatment is too long, it can cause increased excitability, leading to insomnia, hyperhidrosis and other symptoms.
6. Antiviral drugs
Antiretroviral drugs didanosine, stavudine, zidovudine, efavirenz, etc., can also cause headache, dizziness, insomnia, lethargy, etc.
7. Drugs for the digestive system
A small number of users of bismuth potassium citrate have mild headache, dizziness, insomnia, etc.; the reactions of proglumide, ranitidine, and nizatidine in the nervous system are dizziness, dreaminess, headache, insomnia, etc.; Azole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole also have adverse reactions such as dizziness, insomnia, drowsiness, nausea, anxiety, and depression.
8. NSAIDs
After taking indomethacin, 10%~25% of people have adverse reactions such as headache, dizziness, insomnia, and anxiety; Sweating, insomnia, etc.
9. Asthma medicine
The first application of theophylline may cause irritability, insomnia, etc.; ephedrine has a more significant central excitatory effect, and a larger dose can excite the brain and subcortical centers, causing mental excitement, restlessness, and insomnia.
Conclusion
In the intricate tapestry of health, sleep holds a crucial thread that directly impacts our overall well-being. Understanding the potential connection between medications and insomnia empowers you to have informed conversations with healthcare providers. If you suspect that your medications are affecting your sleep, consult your doctor to explore potential alternatives or strategies to mitigate the impact. Remember, achieving restful sleep involves addressing a multitude of factors, and the path to rejuvenating slumber often begins with knowledge and proactive decision-making.
As you navigate the landscape of medications and their influence on sleep, keep in mind that each individual’s response can vary. Monitoring your sleep patterns and collaborating with healthcare professionals will pave the way toward a more restful and rejuvenating night’s sleep.
