Dementia affects more than just memory; it also impacts emotions, making interactions challenging. According to the Alzheimer’s Society, those with dementia often experience emotional swings and struggle to control their feelings. This can make communication difficult.
Dana Eble, outreach manager for the Alzheimer’s Caregivers Network in Detroit, Michigan, shared with Fox News Digital that many people aren’t familiar with how to communicate with those living with dementia. “Even well-meaning interactions can cause stress or confusion,” she said.
Experts advise careful language when speaking with dementia patients and suggest avoiding certain phrases and questions.
“Don’t you remember?”
This question is likely to frustrate someone with dementia. Timothy Frie, a nutritional neuroscientist, explained that this question can make patients feel inadequate about their memory loss.
“Let me do that for you”
Taking over tasks without asking can diminish a person’s sense of independence. Adria Thompson, a speech-language pathologist, suggests offering help and letting the person decide if they need it.
“You’re wrong”
Arguing with someone who has dementia can cause agitation. Elizabeth Landsverk, a geriatrician, advises against correcting them on trivial matters, like the date.
“Would you like to make plans for next week?”
Since dementia patients may struggle with time, asking about future plans can be confusing. Leonie Rosenstiel suggests having someone else remember or record these plans.
“You seem fine”
This phrase may overlook the daily struggles of those with dementia. Thompson points out that symptoms vary and it’s important to recognize the challenges they face.
“I just told you that” or “You already told me that”
Repeatedly pointing out that someone is repeating themselves can lead to frustration. It’s better to redirect the conversation or act as if the information is new.
“How have you been feeling this week?”
This question might be difficult for dementia patients, who may not recall their feelings from the past. Rosenstiel advises asking questions in the present tense or focusing on immediate feelings.
“You’re not making any sense”
Criticizing their communication can harm their self-esteem. Michael Kramer, a long-term care educator, stresses the importance of patience and understanding.
“Do you remember this?”
Asking if they remember specific details can feel like a test. Eble recommends starting with a personal introduction or sharing a memory yourself to ease the conversation.
“You’re being difficult on purpose”
This phrase is hurtful and dismissive. Kramer notes that challenging behaviors are symptoms of the disease, not intentional actions. Empathy and patience are crucial.
Using terms like ‘bib’ or ‘diaper’
As dementia progresses, caregivers might use incontinence products. Eble suggests using terms like “protective underwear” instead to maintain dignity.
“Remember, she died last year…”
Reminding someone of a loved one’s death can cause repeated grief. Kate Granigan recommends gently discussing memories rather than focusing on loss.
“That’s not how it happened”
Dementia can alter perceptions of events. Kramer advises validating their experiences and gently guiding them rather than insisting on accuracy.
“Do you want to [insert activity]?”
Questions about activities can be confusing. Eble suggests using direct statements, like “Let’s go to the bathroom,” to guide them.
“What would you like to wear today?”
Open-ended questions can be overwhelming. Rosenstiel recommends offering limited choices, such as “Here’s a red sweater and a blue one. Which one would you prefer?”
“Get your coat and shoes, grab your bag and meet me by the door”
Complex instructions can be confusing. Granigan suggests breaking down tasks into simpler steps.
By using clear and empathetic language, caregivers can improve communication and provide better support for individuals with dementia.
